Supreme Court Judgement Headnotes June 2026 Civil & Criminal
Supreme Court Judgement Headnotes June 2026
Medical Negligence -- Summoning order under Section 304A IPC against doctor set aside for failure to await PGI Expert Report.
Sourced by:Shakil Ahmed AdvocatePeter LaneKolkata 73
Rohit Lalit v. Sourabh Chabbra (P&H HC) (Reserved on: 21.05.2026 Decided on: 05.06.2026)
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Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023), Section, 223, 528 -- Quashing of summoning order -- Medical negligence -- Complaint alleging death due to negligent treatment -- District Medical Negligence Board comprising six doctors opining that treating doctor could not be held negligent -- Trial Court having directed obtaining of second expert opinion from PGI Chandigarh -- Summoning order passed without awaiting PGI report and without recalling earlier order directing procurement of expert opinion -- Procedure adopted by Trial Court held contrary to its own directions and settled norms of judicial discipline -- Summoning order under Section 304-A IPC quashed -- Trial Court directed to procure PGI report, consider the same along with other material on record and pass fresh order.
(Paras 16 to 24)
2. Manjit Kaur v. State of Punjab and others (P&H HC) (Decided on: 22.05.2026)
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Family pension -- Second wife entitled to full family pension if first wife predeceased employee and no eligible claimant exists
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Punjab Civil Services Rules, Volume II, Rule 6.17(4), Notes 1 and 2 -- Family pension -- Second wife -- Apportionment of pension -- First wife of deceased employee having predeceased him -- Petitioner married deceased employee after death of first wife -- No eligible minor child surviving from first marriage -- Family pension being estate of legal heirs -- State cannot retain share of family pension on ground that no eligible claimant exists -- Rule providing for apportionment applicable only where there are multiple eligible claimants -- Petitioner being sole surviving widow held entitled to full family pension -- Impugned memo denying 100% family pension set aside -- Respondents directed to release full family pension with arrears from date of death of employee along with interest @ 6% per annum.
(Paras 9 to 13)
3. Walia Murshida Huda v. The State of Assam and others (Gauhati HC) (Decided on: 09.01.2026)
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Withholding of MBBS degree certificate – MBBS Degree Certificate cannot be withheld solely due to pending criminal proceedings arising out of CBI case relating to admission.
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Constitution of India, Article 226 -- MBBS degree certificate -- Withholding of original Final MBBS Pass certificate -- Petitioner permitted by Government to complete MBBS course and having successfully completed course and internship -- Registration granted by Assam Council of Medical Registration pursuant to earlier order of High Court -- Original certificates issued to similarly situated candidates -- Mere pendency of criminal proceedings arising out of CBI case relating to admission not sufficient to justify indefinite withholding of original certificate in absence of adjudication of guilt -- Principle of parity applicable -- Respondents directed to issue original Final MBBS Pass certificate and update registration particulars before regulatory authority -- Rights of parties to remain subject to final outcome of criminal proceedings.
(Paras 6 to 13)
4. Kanakati Naresh v. Union of India and others (Telangana HC) (Decided on: 06.05.2026)
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Bank account freeze – A citizen’s bank account cannot be frozen indefinitely merely on internal correspondence, portal alerts or informal electronic communications unless such action is traceable to authority of law
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Constitution of India, Articles 14, 21 and 226 -- Bank account freeze -- Agricultural sale proceeds credited to account -- Debit freeze imposed on basis of NCCRP complaints and informal communications -- No statutory order of attachment, seizure or prohibition produced -- Mere existence of cyber fraud complaints not sufficient to justify indefinite denial of access to account -- Restriction on operation of bank account affecting right to livelihood and access to legitimate funds -- Even if prior notice may be dispensed with in emergent circumstances, post-decisional notice and disclosure of basic reasons necessary -- Continuation of debit freeze without furnishing material particulars, without authority of law and without periodic review violative of principles of natural justice -- Respondent bank directed to defreeze account within two weeks -- Liberty reserved to investigating agencies to act on fresh orders passed in accordance with law.
(Paras 5 to 11)
5. Jogaram Lohar v. The State of Telangana and 15 others (Telangana HC) (Decided on: 04.05.2026)
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Illegal Detention -- Petitioner not named in Fir or Charge-sheet -- SIT/CB-CID Probe ordered into alleged illegal detention.
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Constitution of India, Articles 21 and 226 -- Illegal detention and violation of personal liberty -- Petitioner not named in FIR, remand report or charge-sheet -- Certain police communications referring to petitioner lending prima facie support to claim that he was apprehended despite not being formally arrayed as an accused -- Disputed questions relating to coercive execution of GPA and seizure of documents not amenable to adjudication in writ jurisdiction -- Inconsistencies in respondents' version warranting independent and impartial investigation -- DGP directed to register crime and entrust investigation to SIT/CB-CID -- Investigation to be completed preferably within six months with periodical status reports before jurisdictional Magistrate.
(Paras 9 to 14)
6. Bhartia Infra Projects Limited v. M/s Vishwa Samudra Engineering Private Limited (SC) (Decided on: 15.06.2026)
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Arbitration -- Exclusive jurisdiction clause -- Arbitration agreement providing alternative seats/ venues at Hyderabad and Guwahati -- Courts at Hyderabad alone conferred exclusive jurisdiction -- Telangana High Court competent to entertain Section 11 application.
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Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (26 of 1996), Section 11(6) -- Appointment of arbitrator -- Arbitration clause prescribing Hyderabad or Guwahati as seat/venue of arbitration -- Clause further providing that courts at Hyderabad shall have exclusive jurisdiction over matters arising out of agreement -- Contention that Gauhati High Court alone had jurisdiction as cause of action arose in Guwahati -- Rejected -- Party autonomy being paramount in interpretation of arbitration agreements, exclusive jurisdiction clause clearly vested jurisdiction in courts at Hyderabad -- Principle of forum non conveniens applicable where multiple seats are designated held inapplicable in view of express agreement conferring exclusive jurisdiction on Hyderabad courts -- Telangana High Court rightly entertained application under Section 11(6) and referred dispute to arbitration -- Special Leave Petitions dismissed.
(Paras 3 to 5)
7. Abhishek Marskole v. State of Punjab and Another (P&H HC) (Decided on: 17.06.2026)
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Regular bail -- Cyber fraud case -- Alleged investment scam involving Rs.8 crores -- Investigation complete -- Clean antecedents, custody of 5 months and offences triable by Magistrate -- Bail granted.
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Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), Section 66D -- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (45 of 2023), Sections 61(2), 316(2), 318(4), 319(2), 336(3), 338 and 340(2) -- Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023), Section 483 -- Regular bail -- Cyber fraud -- Allegation of inducing complainant to invest about Rs.8 crores through online investment platform by false promise of profits -- Petitioner claimed to be merely a peripheral participant and not actively involved in operation of alleged scheme -- Petitioner in custody for nearly five months -- Clean antecedents -- Investigation complete -- Offences triable by Court of Magistrate -- None of the prosecution witnesses examined and trial likely to take considerable time -- Without commenting on merits, petitioner held entitled to regular bail.
(Paras 4 to 8)
8. Govinda Singh @ Gobinda Singh v. State of Punjab (P&H HC) (Decided on: 17.06.2026)
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NDPS -- Regular bail -- Petitioner nominated solely on disclosure statement of co-accused -- No recovery of contraband from petitioner -- Recovery of cash alone insufficient to establish nexus with contraband -- Bail granted.
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Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (61 of 1985), Sections 15, 18 and 29 -- Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023), Section 483 -- Regular bail -- Recovery of contraband effected from co-accused -- Petitioner implicated on basis of disclosure statement of co-accused -- No recovery of contraband from petitioner -- Only recovery attributed to petitioner was Rs.40,000/- cash -- No independent material produced to connect petitioner with recovered contraband or alleged offence -- Mere criminal antecedents not sufficient to deny bail when petitioner already on bail in other cases -- Petitioner ordered to be released on regular bail.
(Paras 3 to 5)
9. Swati Yadav v. State of Haryana and Others (P&H HC) (Reserved on: 25.05.2026 Decided on: 29.05.2026)
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Medical reimbursement -- Emergency treatment in non-empanelled hospital -- Genuine medical claims cannot be defeated by technicalities, restrictive reimbursement policies or outdated norms.
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Constitution of India, Article 21 -- Medical reimbursement -- Non-empanelled hospitals -- Emergency treatment -- Reimbursement policy (Haryana) -- Policies framed to secure healthcare and social welfare benefits to employees and pensioners must be interpreted in a humane, liberal and purposive manner -- Genuine reimbursement claims cannot be rejected merely because treatment was obtained from a non-empanelled hospital during medical exigencies -- Beneficial schemes should advance the cause of human welfare rather than be defeated by procedural technicalities.
(Paras 4 to 11)
10. Ashwani Kumar Sharma v. Rama Rani Sharma and Others (P&H HC) (Decided on: 27.05.2026)
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Video conferencing -- Examination of attesting witness of Will -- Refusal of virtual testimony despite enabling Rules and adequate technological safeguards unsustainable.
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Constitution of India, Article 227 -- Video conferencing -- Recording of evidence -- Attesting witness to Will -- Witness aged about 78 years and unable to travel due to compelling personal circumstances -- High Court Video Conferencing Rules enabling examination of witnesses through virtual mode -- Trial Court's refusal solely on ground of physical appearance unsustainable -- Availability of technological infrastructure and prescribed procedure adequately safeguards identification of witness, signatures and documents -- Refusal to permit examination through video conferencing amounted to failure to properly consider the governing Rules and relevant circumstances -- Order set aside and Trial Court directed to record testimony through video conferencing.
(Paras 7 to 8)
11. Deepak Kumar v. State of Uttarakhand & Another (UK HC) (Reserved on: 05.01.2026 Decided on: 11.03.2026)
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Maintenance -- Minor child -- Father's statutory obligation not absolved merely because mother is also employed -- Loan repayments and other voluntary liabilities cannot override child's right to maintenance.
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Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), Section 125 -- Interim maintenance -- Minor daughter born out of wedlock -- Both parents being government employees -- Mother serving in CISF and father in CRPF -- Earning capacity of mother does not absolve father of his statutory obligation to maintain minor child -- Voluntary liabilities such as loan repayments and responsibility towards parents and siblings cannot eclipse paramount right of child to maintenance -- Considering rising cost of living, educational, nutritional and medical needs of growing child, interim maintenance of Rs.8,000 per month held neither excessive nor arbitrary -- Grant of maintenance from date of application held justified.
(Paras 21-33)
12. S. Balaji v. M.A. Mahaboobani (Madras HC) (Reserved on: 22.04.2026 Decided on: 28.04.2026)
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Appointment of guardian -- Welfare of child paramount consideration -- Act is religion-neutral -- Hindu couple held entitled to be appointed guardians of Muslim minor child with consent of biological mother.
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Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 (8 of 1890), Sections 7, 8 and 17 -- Appointment of guardian -- Appellant and wife, professing Hindu religion, taking care of Muslim minor girl from birth with consent of biological mother -- Child recognising appellant and his wife as parents and biological mother as aunt -- Family Court refusing guardianship on ground that parties belonged to different religions and were strangers -- Held, Act is religion-neutral and welfare of child is paramount consideration -- Religion being only one of the relevant factors under Section 17 -- Consent of biological mother and continuous care from birth establishing welfare of child -- Appellant appointed legal guardian and order of Family Court set aside.
(Paras 10-16)
13. Smt. Raj Kumari & Ors. v. Union of India (Delhi HC) (Reserved on: 13.04.2026 Decided on: 27.04.2026)
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Railways accident claim -- Untoward incident -- Non-recovery of journey ticket not conclusive to deny compensation -- Belated DRM report lacking evidentiary value -- Hyper-technical approach of Tribunal held unsustainable -- Matter remanded for assessment and disbursement of compensation.
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Railways Act, 1989 (24 of 1989), Section 124-A -- Claim for compensation -- Untoward incident -- Deceased allegedly falling from running train during night hours and sustaining fatal injuries -- Records and post-mortem report supporting case of accidental fall -- Belated DRM report prepared after lapse of nearly five years and based on no eyewitness account held lacking evidentiary value -- Mere delay in discovery of body near railway track not sufficient to disbelieve accidental fall -- Non-recovery of journey ticket not conclusive to deny claim -- Testimony regarding purchase of ticket and surrounding circumstances including recovery of Rakhi from deceased corroborating case of travel -- Initial burden discharged by claimants and onus shifted to Railways, which failed to rebut claim -- Hyper-technical approach adopted by Tribunal contrary to beneficial object of Act held unsustainable -- Impugned order set aside and matter remanded to Tribunal for assessment and disbursement of compensation.
(Paras 8-17)
14. The New India Assurance Company Limited Kollam v. Devaki and Others (Kerala HC) (Decided on: 04.06.2026)
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MACT -- Loss of dependency -- Major siblings of unmarried deceased -- Mere relationship not sufficient to claim dependency -- Only sister proved to be wholly dependent on deceased held entitled to compensation under head of loss of dependency.
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Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (59 of 1988), Section 166 -- Claim for compensation -- Death of unmarried pensioner in road accident -- Claimants being major siblings residing separately with their respective families -- Burden to prove dependency lies on claimants -- Evidence establishing that second claimant, a spinster, was residing with and wholly dependent on deceased -- Other claimants having failed to adduce evidence of dependency, not entitled to same -- Monthly income of deceased being pensioner to be taken on basis of Treasury Passbook and not on notional basis -- Addition of 10% towards future prospects and deduction of one-half towards personal and living expenses being applicable in case of spinster -- Compensation recalculated by applying multiplier of 9 -- Rs.5,08,329 awarded with interest @ 8% per annum.
(Paras 7-13)
15. The Commissioner, Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike v. K.K. Umesh Kumar & Ors. (SC) (Decided on: 11.06.2026)
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MACT -- Branch of roadside tree falling on stationary autorickshaw during heavy rain -- Accident not arising out of use of motor vehicle -- Claim under Section 166 not maintainable -- Compensation enhanced to Rs.25,00,000 under Article 142 of Constitution of India.
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Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (59 of 1988), Sections 165 and 166 -- Claim petition -- Meaning of expression "arising out of the use of motor vehicle" -- Respondent travelling in autorickshaw halted under tree during heavy rain -- Branch of old tree detached and fell on vehicle causing grievous injuries -- Motor vehicle played no active role in occurrence -- Claim under Section 166 not maintainable -- Liability under Act cannot be fastened upon Municipal Corporation -- Supreme Court, in exercise of powers under Article 142 of Constitution of India, enhanced compensation to Rs.25,00,000 with interest and maintained the apportionment of liability, directing payment thereof by Municipal Corporation to the extent of 25%, insurer of autorickshaw 50% and Horticulture Department 25%.
(Paras 9-16)
16. Atul Chauhan v. State of Haryana & Ors. (SC) (Decided on: 11.06.2026)
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Compassionate appointment — Rule 23(1) of Haryana Civil Services (Compassionate Financial Assistance or Appointment) Rules, 2019 applies only to compassionate financial assistance and not to compassionate appointment — Claim for compassionate appointment cannot be kept in abeyance merely because criminal proceedings concerning death of employee are pending against another family member.
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A. Haryana Civil Services (Compassionate Financial Assistance or Appointment) Rules, 2019, Rules 5(1)(f), 5(1)(g) and 23(1) -- Compassionate appointment -- Compassionate financial assistance -- Widow accused of murder of deceased employee -- Rule 23(1) expressly governs only compassionate financial assistance -- Neither its language nor marginal heading extends to compassionate appointment -- Reading compassionate appointment into Rule 23(1) would amount to judicial legislation -- Purposive interpretation cannot be employed to introduce words consciously omitted by rule-making authority -- Claim for compassionate appointment cannot be deferred by invoking Rule 23(1) -- Children's claim for compassionate appointment cannot automatically remain suspended till determination of widow's claim.
(Paras 23-39, 42, 46, 48, 50)
B. Service Law -- Compassionate appointment -- Nature and object -- Compassionate appointment is neither a vested nor a heritable right -- It is a welfare measure intended to provide immediate succour to the family of a deceased employee facing financial hardship -- Entitlement remains subject to fulfilment of eligibility conditions prescribed under the governing Rules.
(Paras 20-22)
C. Interpretation of Statutes -- Plain meaning rule -- Purposive interpretation -- Purposive construction cannot be invoked to override clear and unambiguous statutory language or to supply words consciously omitted by Legislature or rule-making authority.
(Paras 25-26)
D. Haryana Civil Services (Compassionate Financial Assistance or Appointment) Rules, 2019, Rules 5(1)(f), 5(1)(g) and 23(1) -- Compassionate appointment -- Compassionate financial assistance -- Legislative omission -- Rules provide for suspension of compassionate financial assistance during pendency of criminal proceedings but contain no analogous restriction regarding compassionate appointment -- Court cannot fill such legislative gap through interpretative process -- Matter lies within legislative domain -- State Government advised to consider suitable amendment to the Rules of 2019.
(Paras 43-45, 48(vi))
17. Gaurav Mehla & Ors. v. State of Haryana & Ors. (SC) (Decided on: 11.06.2026)
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Recruitment -- Absence of mandatory officials in Board meeting approving appointments does not invalidate entire recruitment where selection process was otherwise valid.
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Haryana Cooperative Societies Act, 1984 (22 of 1984) -- Primary Cooperative Marketing-cum-Processing Societies Ltd. Staff Service Rules, 2003 – Rules 3 & 15 – Recruitment and appointment -- Non-compliance with Rule 3 -- Absence of Assistant Registrar Cooperative Societies, Inspector Cooperative Societies and District Manager, HAFED from Board meeting approving appointments -- Effect of -- Though presence and concurrence of said officials is mandatory, selected candidates having no role in constitution of the appointing authority or conduct of its meetings cannot be penalised for lapse attributable to authorities -- Where appointments were preceded by public advertisement and regular selection process and there was no allegation regarding eligibility, fraud, impersonation, malpractice or manipulation against appointees, appointments could not be invalidated solely on account of procedural defect in decision-making process relating to appointment -- Cancellation of appointments set aside and matter remitted for fresh consideration by duly constituted Board in accordance with Rule 3.
(Paras 38-66)
18. Makardhwaj Ram v. Jagdish Rai (Dead) Th. Lrs. & Anr. (SC) (Decided on: 11.06.2026)
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Constructive res judicata -- Distinct cause of action -- Earlier challenge to sale deeds and subsequent suit based on title to remaining property -- Subsequent suit not barred merely because an additional ground could have been raised in earlier proceedings.
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Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (V of 1908) – Section 11 Explanation IV -- Constructive res judicata -- Declaration of title and possession – Earlier suits challenging sale deeds executed by GPA holder -- Subsequent suit for declaration of title and possession -- High Court holding suit barred on ground that plaintiff ought to have asserted such title in earlier proceedings -- Unsustainable -- Earlier suits were directed against specific sale transactions and there was no occasion for plaintiff to assert rights over larger parcel of land which already stood in his favour -- Cause for filing subsequent suit arose when defendant sought mutation in respect of entire property beyond land covered by sale transactions -- Application of constructive res judicata in such circumstances would lead to an unduly harsh and unjust consequence -- High Court judgment set aside.
(Paras 8-14)
19. Smt. Jyoti Shrivastava v. The State of Madhya Pradesh and others (M.P. HC) (Decided on: 12.05.2026)
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Family pension -- Divorcee daughter -- Exclusion from definition of "family" while including married daughters violative of Article 14 -- Divorcee daughter entitled to be considered for family pension subject to dependency and absence of independent source of income.
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Constitution of India, Article 14 -- Madhya Pradesh Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1976, Rules 44(5) and 48(11) -- Family pension -- Definition of "family" -- Married daughters included in definition of family whereas divorcee daughters excluded -- No rational basis for such exclusion -- Divorcee daughter required to be treated equally with daughters covered under Rule 44(5) -- Exclusion of divorcee daughter held violative of Article 14 -- Claim for family pension cannot be rejected on that ground alone -- If found dependent upon deceased Government servant and having no independent source of income, she would be entitled to family pension.
(Paras 6-8)
20. Seemabai and Others v. Basantilal (M.P. HC) (Heard on: 02.04.2026 Decided on: 20.05.2026)
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Maintenance -- Section 125 CrPC -- Standard of proof of marriage not as strict as in prosecution for bigamy -- Long cohabitation and evidence of marriage sufficient -- Adverse inference liable to be drawn against respondent refusing DNA test to determine paternity -- Maintenance granted to woman and child.
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A. Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), Section 125 -- Maintenance -- Proof of marriage -- Standard of proof in proceedings under Section 125 not as strict as in trial for offence under Section 494 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 -- Where parties lived together as husband and wife, Court may presume existence of valid marriage.
(Paras 11, 14)
B. Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (1 of 1872), Section 114 -- Maintenance -- Paternity dispute -- DNA test -- Respondent opposed prayer for DNA fingerprinting test sought for establishing paternity of child -- Adverse inference drawn against respondent -- Mere plea that respondent had subsisting marriage with another woman not sufficient to deny maintenance -- Claimants entitled to maintenance.
(Paras 7, 12, 14, 15)
21. Kewal Singh v. State of Punjab (P&H HC) (Decided on: 12.06.2026)
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Anticipatory bail -- Injury attributed to petitioner simple in nature -- Dangerous-to-life injury attributed to another co-accused -- Another co-accused already granted anticipatory bail -- Petitioner granted anticipatory bail.
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Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023), Section 482 -- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (45 of 2023), Sections 109, 115(2), 118(1), 118(2), 190 and 191(3) (corresponding to Sections 307, 323, 324, 326, 148 and 149 IPC) -- Anticipatory bail -- Attempt to murder -- Injury attributed to petitioner declared simple in nature -- Injury declared dangerous to life attributed to a co-accused -- Another co-accused already granted anticipatory bail -- Petitioner willing to join and cooperate in investigation -- Custodial interrogation not warranted -- Anticipatory bail granted subject to joining investigation and conditions under Section 482(2) BNSS.
(Paras 2-4)
22. Anjali Kalyan and another v. State of Punjab and others (P&H HC) (Decided on: 12.06.2026)
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Protection of life and personal liberty -- Major individuals have fundamental right to choose their life partner and reside together of their own free will -- State under obligation to assess threat perception and provide protection where genuine threat exists.
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Constitution of India, Articles 21, 226 and 227 -- Protection of life and personal liberty -- Adult individuals -- Right to choose life partner -- Once two major individuals choose to marry or reside together of their own free will, such choice falls within protective umbrella of Article 21 and cannot be interfered with except in accordance with law -- Senior Superintendent of Police/ Commissioner of Police directed to examine representation, assess threat perception and take appropriate steps if genuine threat is found to exist.
(Paras 6-8)
23. Padam Mehta and Another v. State of Rajasthan and Others (SC) (Decided on: 12.05.2026)
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Mother tongue-based education -- RTE Act and NEP, 2020 recognise primacy of mother tongue/home language in learning -- Executive inaction and absence of policy no defence – State of Rajasthan directed to recognise Rajasthani for educational purposes and take phased steps for its introduction as medium of instruction and school subject.
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A. Constitution of India, Articles 19(1)(a), 21A and 350A -- Education -- Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (35 of 2009), Section 29(2)(f) -- Mother tongue/ language of choice -- Right to freedom of speech and expression includes right to receive education in a language understood by the child -- Education must be intelligible and accessible to the learner -- Instruction in mother tongue facilitates comprehension, meaningful access to knowledge and quality education.
(Paras 35, 39, 42-43)
B. Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (35 of 2009), Section 29(2)(f) -- National Education Policy, 2020 -- Mother tongue/ home language/ regional language -- Legislature and policy framework recognise foundational role of mother tongue in learning -- Education in unfamiliar language impedes comprehension and defeats purpose of elementary education.
(Paras 17-19, 39-40)
C. Constitution of India, Articles 19(1)(a), 21A and 350A -- Constitutional guarantees -- Executive inaction -- Mother tongue-based education -- Rajasthani language -- Absence of policy framework or non-inclusion of a language in the Eighth Schedule cannot justify failure to implement constitutional and statutory obligations relating to mother tongue-based education -- State of Rajasthan directed to formulate policy recognising Rajasthani as local/regional language for educational purposes and to take phased steps for its introduction as medium of instruction and as a subject in schools.
(Paras 44-50)
24. Krishan Kumar v. State of Punjab (P&H HC) (Decided on: 12.06.2026)
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Anticipatory bail -- Property dispute -- Validity of Will and sale deeds already subject matter of pending civil suit -- Custodial interrogation not required -- Anticipatory bail granted.
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Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023), Section 482 -- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (45 of 2023), Sections 61(2), 316(2) and 318(4) (Corresponding sections 420, 406, 406 of IPC) -- Anticipatory bail -- Allegations of cheating, criminal breach of trust and fraud based on execution of Will and registered sale deeds -- Validity of documents already under challenge in pending civil proceedings -- Dispute primarily civil in nature requiring adjudication by Civil Court -- Allegations against petitioner to be examined during trial -- Custodial interrogation held unnecessary -- Petitioner entitled to anticipatory bail subject to statutory conditions.
(Para 3)
25. Lucknow Public School, ELDICO and Anr. v. The State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors. (SC) (Decided on: 28.04.2026)
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Right to Education -- Neighbourhood school -- Student selected and allotted by State Government -- Schools must admit RTE students without delay.
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Constitution of India, Article 21A -- Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (35 of 2009), Sections 3, 12(1)(c) and 38 -- Uttar Pradesh Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2011, Rule 8 -- Neighbourhood school -- Admission of children belonging to weaker sections and disadvantaged groups -- Student selected and allotted to school by competent authority under statutory procedure – Rule 8 making it binding upon school to follow admission process prescribed by State Government -- School not entitled to sit in appeal over decision of competent authority -- If school has any grievance regarding selection, if may make representation to competent authority but cannot withhold admission pending consideration thereof -- Admission cannot be withheld pending consideration of school's grievance -- Obligation to grant admission forthwith in furtherance of Article 21A and Section 12(1)(c) of the Act.
(Paras 11-14)
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